Yesterday, the Healthy Caribbean Coalition launched an online portal of all the non-communicable disease  (NCD) commissions in the Caribbean. The portal gives information on all active boards, groups or bodies that have been established to coordinate their countries’ plans for the prevention of NCDs. The aim of this portal is to raise awareness of the work being conducted on NCDs so that those interested in this area can learn more about the work being conducted in the Caribbean, and by whom.

The development of the portal was developed to support one of the recommendations of the 2007 Port of Spain Declaration: Uniting to Sport the Epidemic of NCDs which stated that:

 “We strongly encourage the establishment of National Commissions on NCDs or analogous bodies to plan and coordinate the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic NCDs.”

This portal highlights the progress that governments across the Caribbean have made in taking forward this recommendation and the Healthy Caribbean Coalition will keep the portal updated to ensure it gives a true reflection of the work being conducted across the Caribbean.

For more information about the portal and to access it, please click here

Today is World Stroke Day giving us the perfect opportunity to put the spotlight on this condition.  The organisers of World Stroke Day, the World Stroke Organisation, as part of this year’s campaign are asking the question: what’s your reason for preventing stroke? Our reason is because strokes are more common in the black community and we would like to prevent this condition from affecting so many people in our community. This is achievable as 90% of strokes are linked to avoidable risks.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world with 6.2 million deaths per year being due to stroke. It is also the leading cause of disability with 5 million people being permanently disabled every year after suffering a stroke.

What is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off resulting in damage to or death of brain cells. You can think of a stroke as a similar to a heart attack, but it takes place in the brain, people sometimes refer to it as a brain attack.

There are two types of stroke:

Ischaemic strokes – this is where something blocks an artery to the brain. The blockage can be caused by a blood clot, air bubble or fat globule.

Haemorrhagic strokes – these occur when a blood vessel bursts and bleeds into the brain.

It is estimated that members of the black community are twice as likely to suffer from a stroke as the white population. This is thought to be related to the fact that stroke is a complication of diabetes, high blood pressure and sickle cell; these are all common conditions in the black community.

You can watch the video below to find out more about what a stroke is.

Warning Signs of a Stroke

When someone has a stroke it is very important that they get medical care quickly to ensure that any damage to the brain is kept to a minimum. Strokes happen suddenly so the person who has the stroke or those around him/her may not recognise what is happening until it is too late.  There may be warning signs just before  a stroke occurs so it is very important that everyone is aware of what these are so that you can get help immediately from the emergency services.

The warning signs of a stroke are:

• Numbness or weakness in your face, arm, or leg, especially on one side
• Confusion or trouble understanding other people
• Trouble speaking
• Trouble seeing with one or both eyes
• Trouble walking or staying balanced or coordinated
• Dizziness
• Severe headache that comes on for no known reason

Who is at risk of having a stroke?

• Older people – most strokes occur in people over the age of 65 but younger people have strokes too with 25% of strokes being in younger people
• People with a family history–if a close family member has had a stroke your risk of having a stroke is higher
• Particular ethnic groups – South Asians, Africans and Caribbeans are more likely to have a stroke
• People with a medical history – if you’ve already had a stroke, heart attack or a mini-stroke you are more likely to have a stroke. Also if you have diabetes, high blood pressure and sickle cell.
• Smokers – smoking doubles your risk of having a stroke
• Drinkers – alcohol can increase your risk of having a stroke

Prevention of Strokes

You can reduce your risk of having a stroke by:

• Eating a healthy diet – a low fat, high fibre diet is recommended including plenty of fruits and vegetables
• Regular exercise – this will make your heart and blood circulation more efficient
• Not smoking
• Reducing your alcohol intake

Think FAST

If you or someone you know are ever worried that you may be having a stroke it is important to think FAST:

Face: weakness of the face. Can you or the person smile? Has your face fallen on one side?

Arms: weakness in the arms. Can you or the person lift their arms?

Speech: has your speech been affected. Are you experiencing slurred speech?

Time: if any of the above are experienced then call 999/911 immediately

 More information

This World Stroke Day let’s all make a commitment to work towards preventing stroke by changing our lifestyle and being aware of the symptoms. This is so important for the black community as we are twice as likely to develop stroke.

For more information on stroke you can visit the following websites:

• World Stroke Day
• Stroke Association
• Centres for Disease Prevention

After their successful 12-week, pop-up wellness hub last year, which was a health and fitness club, spa lounge and workshop zone all rolled into one, Noire Wellness will be hosting a fibroids wellness hub. This will be held on Sunday 26^th November at Wiseworks and will cover a range of topics including diet, exercise and the emotional impact of fibroids.

The wellness hub aims to empower women affected by fibroids giving them the information and practical support that they need to improve their well-being.

Noire Wellness is an organisation that aims to improve the health and wellness of the African and African-Caribbean community through the offer of local wellness hubs, community consultancy services and a growing wellness business network.

You can book your place on EventBrite here and for more information about the fibroids wellness hub, please download their flyer below or email  info@noirewellness.com

You can find out more about Noire Wellness by following them on Twitter, liking their page on Facebook or signing up to their newsletter here

Last week Monday was World Food Day. This day is recognised every year on 16^th October and aims to highlight the on-going issue of hunger and food scarcity globally. It gives us the opportunity to reflect on the world’s efforts to ensure food security and that everyone has access to healthy food.

This year’s theme was “Change the future of migration. Invest in food security and rural development.” The idea behind this theme was to raise awareness of the fact that addressing the reasons why people migrate will enable us to tackle hunger and food scarcity.

People migrate for many reasons such as political instability or conflict in a country, but many more people migrate due to hunger, poverty and extreme weather conditions. A lot of migration occurs in developing countries where people move within their country, for example from the countryside to the city. This puts a huge strain on already meagre resources and further exacerbates the problem of hunger and food scarcity in these countries.

Research has shown that 763 million people migrate within their borders which, contrary to popular beliefs, means there is more internal migration then external migration in the world.  When we look at the people who migrate internally a third of them are young adults aged 15-34 and almost half of them are women. The question is: what is going on? Why are young adults and women migrating in such large numbers? As previously stated people migrate for many reasons, and hunger and poverty is one of them.

What World Food Day is encouraging people to understand is why people are hungry and poor in the first place. Can we tackle those reasons? If we can get to the root of the problem and address these reasons, it will prevent hunger and poverty. This will stop people from migrating in such large numbers and then putting a strain on food resources in the cities they migrate to.

When we look at people that migrate internally, the majority come from rural areas where people depend on a limited number of sectors to survive. There tends to be a lack of job opportunities, a lack of opportunity for further education and no access to healthcare; pairing this with other issues like a natural disaster leads to migration. Therefore, this World Food Day, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations encouraged governments to focus on rural development.

Through rural development business, job and educational opportunities can be developed making communities stronger financially. Whilst providing access to good healthcare can improve their health and wellbeing. This means rural communities can become stronger so that when disaster strikes they are better equipped to overcome any natural or man-made disaster.  They can stand strong without the need for mass migration.

The key to rural development is balance.  We know that aspects of rural life are better for our health and well-being – people are more physically active, consume less processed foods, are less dependent on technology and have better social interactions. Therefore there is a need to preserve what is good about rural living and turn away from just converting rural areas into urban cities. We need a creative approach to rural development that delivers the development that is needed to strengthen communities, but doesn’t create the problems associated with urban living.  This can only be achieved by a totally understanding the communities, their interests and what they would want from urban development.

We hope that the message from World Food Day resonated with people throughout the world so that we can eradicate hunger and poverty. There is certainly enough food and resources in the world to feed everyone so let us spread that around by strengthening all communities.

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References

Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations

Prostate Cancer UK is seeking to better understand the information and support needs of people who are, or have been, closely affected by prostate cancer across the UK.  Justice Studio has been commissioned by Prostate Cancer UK to undertake research into these unmet needs.

They are interested in hearing from both people who have been diagnosed with the disease and their supporters, such as a partner, family member or carer.

The aim of this research is to understand more about unmet needs in relation to a prostate cancer diagnosis. Unmet needs are defined as those needs that are not being met by the NHS, including a GP or other healthcare provider. The research consists of a survey, as well as face-to-face and telephone interviews with diagnosed people and the people who support them.

Prostate Cancer UK  are particularly interested in hearing from Black African/Caribbean men, gay and bisexual men and their supporters.

If you fit any of the above criteria and would like to take part you can complete the survey here. The survey should take 10 to 30 minutes. Responses are completely anonymous and will directly inform the charity about what support services they can offer in the future and where they focus their campaigning work.

For more information about this piece of work please contact Shirley Ahura on shirley@justicestudio.org

On 9^th October the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) launched their new campaign, Mosquito Mission. This campaign highlights the fact that the humble little mosquito is the Caribbean’s deadliest animal, being more dangerous than lions, snakes and sharks. This is because mosquitoes in the Caribbean transmit  a number of diseases, these are Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya.

CARPHA’s new campaign draws our attention to the three things the public can do to fight the threat posed by mosquitoes:

• End the breeding
• Stop the biting
• Take action

On their new website they provide extensive advice on each of the above areas. This includes information on preventing your home from becoming a breeding ground for mosquitoes.  Mosquitoes breed in stagnant fresh water that has been standing for four to seven days. The message here is to dispose of any water that has collected around your house and to remove any containers that may collect rain water. CARPHA also stresses that the best way to prevent the transmission of a mosquito-borne disease is to avoid being bitten in the first place and this can be achieved by wearing long-sleeved clothing; using insect repellent containing DEET, Picaridin, IR 3535 and Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus;  using mosquito nets on windows and doors to prevent their entry into your home; and  to sleep protected by a mosquito net. CARPHA’s final message is that people should act quickly and visit a doctor should they think they have been bitten by an infected mosquito and feel unwell.

In addition to these messages, CARPHA is also raising awareness of the symptoms of mosquito-borne diseases, is providing information on testing and has information on what exactly Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya are. For this and more information please visit CARPHA’s website here , watch the video below or you can contact CARPHA by emailing them or calling +1-868 299-0820

Last week was World Obesity Day and to mark the occasion researchers released global estimates of childhood and adolescent obesity levels. The publication of this data aimed to give a flavour of where we are with the health of children throughout the world and initiate action on tackling childhood obesity. The study pulled together data from 2,416 sources and this covered information on the height and weight of 128.9 million people aged 5 and over from 1975 to 2016.

Overall the data showed that globally the number of obese children increased by a factor of 10 from 1975 to 2016. If we put that into numbers the number of obese girls (aged 5 to 19) rose from 5 million in 1975 to 50 million in 2016, whilst the number of obese boys increased from 6 million to 74 million.

Interestingly, when we look at specific regions across the world, we see that Polynesia and Micronesia have the highest childhood obesity levels and the lowest levels are seen in south Asia and east Africa.

It was also noted that whilst there are high levels of obesity amongst children worldwide a significant number of children are moderately or severely underweight – 75 million girls and 117 million boys. The majority of these children are in South Asia, specifically India.

What’s happening in the Caribbean?

The Caribbean is also included in this study with 18 countries explored. This included Antigua & Barbuda, the Bahamas, Belize, Barbados, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia,  St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago and Suriname.

When all the data for the Caribbean was pooled together, the data was somewhat promising in 5-9 year olds with the average BMI (Body Mass Index) for Caribbean boys and girls being on the lower end when compared to other countries. For example, the average BMI for girls aged 5-9 in the Caribbean was found to be about 16kg/m². This was the 6^th lowest out of 21 countries. The highest being about 20 kg/m² in Polynesia and Micronesia, the lowest being 14.5kg/m² in East Africa and South Asia.

When looking at the older age group of 10-19 year olds, the data is not so promising with Caribbean children being on the higher end of the scale. For example, the average BMI for Caribbean boys aged 10-19 was about 21.5 kg/m², the 6^th highest out of 21 countries. The highest being almost 24 kg/m² in Polynesia and Micronesia, the lowest being 18 kg/m2 in South Asia

As well as looking at the average BMI, the researchers explored the prevalence of obesity in different countries and again some countries in the Caribbean are ranked amongst the highest with countries like Bermuda and Puerto Rico having an obesity prevalence in girls of over 20%.

Conclusion

This work confirms what is widely known in the Caribbean and other countries, childhood obesity is a problem and needs to be tackled with some urgency. On paper the solution is easy: get children active and improve their diet, but in reality due to a number of factors such as culture, income, motivation and opportunity the solution is difficult and complex.

We all need to work together to determine how best we can address this problem by encouraging the Caribbean to see the benefits of their traditional way of life before Western culture and food were embraced. We have to make physical activity a part of life and turn back to home-grown, unrefined, home-made food.

The Lake Foundation aims to improve the health and well-being of the black community and to achieve this general aim a core part of our work is to get the black community more active.

Exercise can be very intimidating for many people and thus we sought to explore various options on how we could get people active in a way that could be incorporated into everyday life and would ultimately be fun.

Cycling is an interesting option as it is very practical and can be introduced into a person’s life as a method of transport (commuting to work), as a leisure activity (exploring the local area) and as a form of structured exercise.

We began our work by teaming up with the Cycling Instructor in 2014 to run a short-term initiative of bike-ability sessions aimed at the black community to teach basic cycling techniques and improve confidence. We worked with the Cycling Instructor for two summers and this proved very popular with us having to extend the sessions beyond their initial four-week period. With this in mind, we decided to build on the popularity of these sessions and we ran a cycling club, with funding from Sport England, from February 2016 to April 2017.

The need for our project

5.3% of the UK’s black population has type two diabetes (versus 1.7% of the white population), 33% suffer from high blood pressure, (compared to 16% of white adults), black African women have been found to have the highest prevalence of obesity, the black community is twice as likely to suffer from a stroke, is twice as likely to develop prostate cancer, is 2-3 times more likely to develop fibroids and as a result of their increased risk of diabetes are at increased risk of developing heart disease. One of the key lifestyle factors that tie these conditions together is physical activity.

Research has shown that the risk of developing these conditions can be reduced significantly by being more physically active, but unfortunately, studies have shown that over half of people from black and minority ethnic  (BME) groups do not take part in sports nor do they do any physical activity.

By increasing the number of BME people taking part in a sporting activity we can begin to address some of the health challenges that plague the black community, but we need to create better opportunities for the black community to take part in sports. To successfully achieve this we need to present the community with fun, engaging, practical and easily accessible sporting activities; cycling can do this.

According to TFL “BME groups, women, people from more deprived neighbourhoods, those with disabilities and older people are typically under-represented in cycling” and “the typical London cyclist is white, under 40 and male with a medium to high household income”. This means that there is a huge inequality in cycling but this creates a huge opportunity to introduce BME communities to cycling.

Through the bike-ability courses, we were able to show that if cycling is presented to members of the BME community without any barriers (bikes and helmets provided) they will happily take up this activity and easily meet the government’s recommended amount of physical activity.

To ensure that our BME community kept cycling beyond the short bike-ability sessions we needed a sustainable long-term opportunity for them to cycle and our cycling club provided this.

Overview of the Cycling Club Project

Aims and Objectives

The aims of our cycling club project were to:

• Increase the number of people from a BME background who cycle regularly
• Improve attendees’ confidence in cycling
• Provide opportunities for members to develop in cycling
• Introduce the BME community to a fun and easy way to achieve the recommended amount of physical activity

We achieved the above by:

• Running two-hour cycling sessions every 2^nd and 4^th Saturday of the month
• Providing direction from experienced instructors and encouraging  members to take part in national and local cycling events
• Making each session engaging and encouraging members to develop good friendships within the group. Each cycling session involved fun routes that allowed members to discover the beauty of their local area but also challenged members. We had socials to encourage relationships to be built that centred around cycling
• Ensuring that each session was definitely two hours so that members participated in a significant amount of physical activity.

Outcomes

Our project progressed well, the targeted number of participants for our project was 18 and we had 23 participants join our club over the 14-month period.

Outcome 1: Improved confidence in cycling

We hired trained experienced instructors from the organisation Cycling Instructor to lead sessions and provide participants with training on cycling techniques. This included cycling in traffic, hand signals, making sure bikes are road-worthy, cycling off-road and on-road and cycling uphill. This meant that members were given a good foundation when it comes to proper cycling technique and this has helped improve their confidence.  Members completed feedback forms and before joining the club 10% felt not confident at all, 30% felt a little confident, 20% felt confident and 20% felt very confident with cycling. A year after joining our club only 9% of members felt a little confident whilst 45% of members felt confident and 36% felt very confident,  with one member saying:

“I’m not a regular cyclist but it [the club] gives me confidence, particularly, on the roads”

Outcome 2: Provided opportunities for members to develop in cycling

Having sessions with experienced instructors helped develop the cycling skills of our club members and we also challenged members through extended 4-hour rides to Chislehurst Caves and the Olympic Stadium, and also several uphill routes. Additionally, we encouraged members to take part in local and national cycling events such as the Croydon Interfaith Cycle Ride, the Crystal Palace Road to Rio Ride and others. One member of our group took part in the London to Brighton ride, which was the first time she had participated in such an event, she said:

“I barely could cycle very far but after a few months of cycling with the club I was able to cycle 20-23 miles” – Sam, Cycling Club Member

We asked members how much they feel their cycling technique has improved since joining the club and 45% said their technique had improved a lot, 36% said their technique improved somewhat, 9% said it improved a little and 9% said they didn’t know.

Outcome 3:  Introduced the BME community to cycling

The majority of people that attended our cycling club were from a BME background – 20 out of 23 were from a BME background, some of whom didn’t cycle regularly before joining our group. Before joining the group 18% had never cycled, 18% cycled once or twice a year, 27% cycled monthly, 27% cycled weekly and 9% cycled more than 5 days in a week. Through our club we have introduced cycling to some (18%) and the club ensured that the others engaged more regularly in cycling.

Some keys to success

Our project worked well due to the excellent freelance cycling instructors we hired who were very experienced and made each session very enjoyable. They found interesting routes each time, and the sessions were informative with members learning about cycling techniques, so it was a good balance of fun, exercise and instruction.

Additionally, we recruited a cycling coordinator who was very warm, friendly and encouraging this provided a really good atmosphere at each session. She ensured everything ran smoothly, being the point of contact for members and instructors and she worked well with the instructors to plan each route. She also organised socials for members which were well-attended and this gave members the opportunity to get to know each other. Importantly our coordinator was a member of the BME community and a keen cyclist.

Conclusion

Similar to the short bike-ability courses we have been able to show that if cycling is presented to members of the BME community without any barriers (bikes and helmets provided) they will happily take up this activity and easily meet the government’s recommended amount of physical activity.

One important point to note is that the social aspect of the club was very important. We found that many club members didn’t cycle in-between sessions nor did they cycle when sessions were cancelled. When we probed further we found that members liked cycling as a group activity and valued the time spent with others. It would appear that our group of BME cyclists looked at cycling as more of a leisure activity rather than a method of transport or structured exercise. This suggests that to encourage more people from a BME background to cycle, projects that promote cycling for leisure rather than for commuting and exercise are more likely to appeal to the BME community; and these projects would need to be group activities that promote social interaction.

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We are very grateful to Sport England for funding this project and Cycling Instructor for their advice and support.

On 25th October the Griot Institute is organising a Fibroids Fraternitee Forum which will offer a space and place for women to increase their knowledge about fibroids. This event will feature Dr Ruth Cochran who has worked at Lewisham Hospital for over 30 years and is the most senior consultant in gynaecology and obstetrics.  She has worked with generations of women with fibroids and  will answer questions on treatment options.  This forum is an opportunity to gain information, ask questions and to explore other ways in which women might improve their health and manage their fibroids.

The event starts at 6:30pm  on 25th October and will be held at the Civic Suite in Catford (this is next to the Town Hall). Free fibroid-friendly food will be available from 6:40pm.

You can find out more about this event and book a space on EventBrite here  or email griotonline@hotmail.com

In this week’s blog, our guest blogger, Stacey Mensah explores the health of our finances and gives us all a few  points to consider if we’re aiming to improve our financial health

Welcome back to The Lake Foundation! On this platform you can expect a plethora of articles relating to your physical health and mental health. This week we’re going to do things a bit differently and look at financial health but more specifically, habits concerning your finances. Now for those of you that are still not sold as to why your financial habits are important let me tell you this: according to the Mental Health Foundation being in debt can trigger anxiety or depression, which can open the door to a whole host of other mental and physical illnesses.

In my own experience crafting healthy habits when it comes to finances is about more than having the right systems in place – you need to have will power! And that was not something I had much of. I remember a time when I had saved enough money to clear a credit card. After speaking to my mother, who had managed to clear all her debts off early on in life, I knew that I had to cancel this card. So I called my bank ready to cancel this card, ready to break free, but of course after a 45-minute phone call instead of cancelling the card as my mother instructed, I ended up upgrading the credit account and in a few days I received a shiny new piece of plastic. Suffice to say that some people find it easier to break free from debt but I’m certainly not one of them.

For those of you that are certain that you’re above such behaviour here are a few habits from Sarah Coles, a personal finance analyst, that might have become so ingrained in the way that you handle your finances that you can’t even see past them.

Casually dipping into debt

The odd few times of dipping into your overdraft doesn’t seem bad at first but it does make it easier for you to keep on going back. Sarah notes that the key to this habit is drawing up a household budget and identifying the regular costs that you can cut. This may mean being far more selective when it comes to shopping for groceries, expensive media packages and gym memberships. And for all of the students out there just know that when you’re done with your degree that ‘student’ over draft will be even harder to get rid of because employers unfortunately, won’t be lining up to pay you a six figure salary!

Only paying the minimum amount back on your borrowing

Surviving by just paying the minimum amount each month is how so many of us are lulled into a false sense of security. By paying off the debt at such a slow pace we are indeed just racking up more interest. If you have a significant balance it may be worth switching in in order to cut interest rated for the time being. However, if you choose to do this it’s important that you realise that the switch was simply a mechanism for debt repayment.

 Forgetting about your savings

Forgetting about your savings is an expensive habit to form as rates on such accounts are likely to become less competitive. The best way to avoid such a mistake is to regularly check what you are earning on your savings and if the rate is no longer competitive then it’s times for you to make a switch.

 Putting plans off

 When dealing with your finances it’s so easy to think that your debts are a problem for the future and not for the present. The ugly truth is that soon enough the future you had once envisioned will one day soon become your present, and as you never put a physical plan in place for paying off your debts, they will continue to follow you around like an unsightly rash.

Do you have healthy financial habits? Or, do you think you need help in that area?

Comment down below, we would love to hear from you!

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Stacey Mensah is not a financial advisor nor does she claim to be. Before changing the way, you handle your finances it’s important to seek the help of a professional.