On 6th May 2021, researchers from the Washington University School of Medicine published the findings from their research exploring the link between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and early-onset bowel cancer (bowel cancer before the age of 50) in women. They found that women, under the age of 50, who consumed two or more servings of SSBs per day were more than twice as likely to develop bowel cancer than women who consumed less than one serving per week.
This piece of work was part of the ongoing Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2015) and included 95,464 women who were asked to record their food and beverage intake every four years for 24 years. Additionally, researchers collected information on potential risk factors for bowel cancer such as weight, diet, family history, smoking habits, physical activity and use of aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Then, using statistical analysis, they explored any links between SSB intake and early-onset bowel cancer.
What Did They Find?
They found that women who consumed high quantities of SSBs in adulthood were more likely to be less physically active, consume red and processed meats and have a poor-quality diet. They also found that high consumption of SSBs in adulthood and adolescence was linked to a higher risk of developing early-onset bowel cancer (no link was observed with fruit juice consumption or artificially sweetened beverages). It is important to note that this link was observed after taking into account the main risk factors for bowel cancer (e.g. diet, exercise and other related factors).
Researchers reported that out of the 95,464 women who were studied over the 24 years, 109 went on to develop early-onset bowel cancer.
Although researchers found a link between early-onset bowel cancer and SSB consumption because this was an observational study, they were unable to provide information on the exact cause of bowel cancer in their study population; more research is needed to understand their findings. Furthermore, this study included mostly white females and additional work is needed to explore this link in men and other ethnic groups.
What Does This Research Mean for the Public?
This research provides further evidence of the negative impact that high levels of SSB consumption may have on the public’s health and highlights the need for the public to reduce their SSB consumption.
